English. Famous Women in History

Marie Curie was an outstanding physicist and chemist, the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize, and the only person to be awarded it in two different sciences. Maria was born on November 7, 1867, in Warsaw (then part of the Russian Empire). She showed an interest in science from childhood, but in Poland women could not go to university. So she moved to France and entered the Sorbonne in Paris, where she studied physics and mathematics. In 1895, she married Pierre Curie, with whom she conducted scientific research. In 1898, Marie and Pierre Curie discovered two new chemical elements, Polonium and Radium. Maria coined the term “radioactivity” and studied how radioactive substances release energy. Her work formed the basis of nuclear physics. Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) (shared with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel) for their studies of radioactivity. Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1911) for the discovery and study of radium and polonium. During World War I, Curie organized mobile X-ray stations to treat the wounded. Marie Curie died in 1934 from illnesses caused by long-term exposure to radiation. Her research led to the development of radiology, nuclear medicine and atomic energy. She inspired thousands of scientists and remains a symbol of science and perseverance.